July 23, 2024

Dear CNO

A reader asks how they can balance privacy and disclosure with family.

I work in a long-term care home and we often receive requests from family members of residents to obtain copies of progress notes. Are we permitted to share these with family members?

Thanks for your question. It’s something we hear a lot from nurses who want to give information to inform caregivers of residents’ progress while balancing privacy.

For this, we turn to CNO’s practice standard called Confidentiality and Privacy—Personal Health Information, which provides an overview of your legal and ethical responsibilities when giving care. Ontario’s privacy legislation, The Personal Health Information Protection Act, 2004 (PHIPA), states that personal health information belongs to the client, and clients have the right to control how their information is collected, used and disclosed.

To determine whether disclosure of resident information is appropriate, there are a few steps you can take:

  • Determine whether the resident has consented to disclose this information to the people requesting it. For example, has the family member of the resident been appointed as the Substitute Decision Maker or Power of Attorney for Personal Care? If so, disclosure of personal health information would be authorized. You can read more about consent in our practice guideline on the subject. 

  • Determine your employer’s policies and procedures related to privacy and disclosure. Employers are responsible for developing these policies. If they are not in place, you are encouraged to advocate for the development of such policies and procedures to guide your practice.

  •  For additional information you can reach out to the Office of the Information Privacy Commissioner of Ontario to determine your requirements under PHIPA for privacy and disclosure.


Thanks for writing,
Chantal Rioux, RN, MSN, PHCNP

Additional resources:

 

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About CNO

The College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO) is the regulator of the nursing profession in Ontario. It is not a school or a nursing association. CNO acts in the public interest by:

  • assessing qualifications and registering individuals who want to practice nursing in Ontario.
  • setting the practice standards of the profession that nurses in Ontario are expected to meet.
  • promoting nurses' continuing competence through a quality assurance program.
  • holding nurses accountable to those standards by addressing complaints or reports about nursing care.

The College was founded in 1963. By establishing the College, the Ontario government was acknowledging that the nursing profession had the ability to govern itself and put the public's well-being ahead of professional interests.

For the latest information, please see our Nursing Statistics page.

Anyone who wants to use a nursing-related title — Registered Nurse (RN), Registered Practical Nurse (RPN) or Nurse Practitioner (NP) must become a member of CNO.

Frequently Asked Questions

Go to the public Register, Find a Nurse, to conduct a search for the nurse. Contact us if you can't find the person you are looking for.

All public information available about nurses is posted in the public Register, Find a Nurse, which contains profiles of every nurse in Ontario. Publicly available information about nurses include their registration history, business address, and information related to pending disciplinary hearings or past findings.

Unregistered practitioners are people who are seeking employment in nursing or holding themselves out as being able to practice nursing in Ontario, but who are not qualified to do so. They are not registered members of CNO. Only people registered with CNO can use nursing-related titles or perform certain procedures that could cause harm if carried out by a non-registered health professional. CNO takes the issue of unregistered practitioners seriously. See Unregistered Practitioners for more information.

To ensure procedural fairness for both the patient (or client) and the nurse, the Regulated Health Professions Act requires that information gathered during an investigation remain confidential until the matter is referred to the Discipline Committee or Fitness to Practise Committee. CNO will not disclose any information that could identify patients (or clients) or compromise an investigation. See Investigations: A Process Guide for more information.

Information obtained during an investigation will become public if the matter is referred to a disciplinary hearing. If a complaint is not referred to a hearing, no information will be available publicly.

See CNO's hearings schedule, which is updated as hearing dates are confirmed. Hearings at CNO are open to the public and the media. For details on how to attend a hearing, contact the Hearings Administration Team.

A summary of allegations and the disciplinary panel outcomes can be found on the public Register, Find a Nurse. Full decisions and reasons are also available.

Where a disciplinary panel makes a finding of professional misconduct, they have the authority to reprimand a nurse, and suspend or revoke a nurse's registration. Terms, conditions and limitations can also be imposed on a nurse's registration, which restricts their practice for a set period. Nurses can also be required to complete remedial activities, such as reviewing CNO documents and meeting with an expert, before returning to practice.

For detailed information see the Sexual Abuse Prevention section.

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